Browse the full list of the top 200 institutions in this year's rankings

The notion that 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ is ¡°the next higher education superpower¡± has become so ubiquitous in recent years that it risks becoming something of a clich¨¦.

But the regular repetition of the idea should not detract from the facts and does not diminish the power of the phenomenon.

Take China, which is set to lead the ¡°51¹ú²úÊÓƵn century¡± (another clich¨¦). China has just overtaken the US as home to the highest number of researchers in the world.

It now accounts for more than 19 per cent of the world¡¯s research community (up from just over 10 per cent in 2008), compared with 16.7 per cent for the US, according to this year¡¯s Unesco Science Report: Towards 2030, from the United Nations. China is also now responsible for 20.2 per cent of the world¡¯s scientific publications (up from 9.9 per cent in 2008) and the year 2016 is expected to be the tipping point when China surpasses the US as the world¡¯s largest producer of research papers.

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Quality seems to be catching up with quantity, too.

The Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings 2016, published in May, showed that in terms of academic prestige among scholars across the world, China is the rising star.

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Tsinghua 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ jumped into the world top 20 for the first time (in 18th position), closely followed by Peking 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ, in 21st place. However, the strongest signal of China¡¯s bright future in the rankings is not the fact that it now has its two flagship Beijing institutions securely among the world elite but that it has growing strength in depth: Shanghai¡¯s Fudan 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ and Shanghai Jiao Tong 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ both joined the top 100 list for the first time, as did Zhejiang 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ in nearby Hangzhou.

Of course, 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ¡¯s rise is not restricted to China, giant though it may be. Unesco¡¯s report notes that ¡°over the past five years, the Republic of Korea has become one of the most research-intensive economies in the world¡± ¨C spending 4.15 per cent of its gross domestic product on research and development in 2013.

Indeed, as Ka-Ho Mok, chair of comparative policy at Lingnan 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ in Hong Kong, points out, not just China and South Korea but also Japan, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong have all implemented powerful policy drives designed to ¡°promote world-class universities¡±, backed with serious funding.

Earlier this year, India, the world¡¯s largest democracy, announced plans to develop a similar excellence initiative, offering special support to 20 institutions (10 public, 10 private) to help them compete on the world stage.

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This 2016 Times Higher Education 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ Rankings ¨C newly extended to list 200 institutions, benchmarked against the same performance indicators used in the overall World 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ Rankings ¨C provides a uniquely comprehensive analysis of the power and potential of such initiatives.

The ranking also provides further evidence of the emerging status of 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ as a true higher education superpower.

Phil Baty
Editor, Times Higher Education Rankings
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51¹ú²úÊÓƵ 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ Rankings 2016 digital supplement

Countries represented in THE 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ 51¹ú²úÊÓƵ Rankings 2016

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